Pankaj Bajapiआदिवासी समाज सदैव अपनी अनोखी परंपराओं के लिए पहचाना जाता है । ऐसी ही एक अनोखी परंपरा गुजरात राज्य के छोटा उदयपुर में लड़के के विवाह के समय पालन किया जाता है ।
इस समुदाय विशेष में लड़के की शादी में लड़का दूल्हे की तरह पूरा तैयार तो किया जाता है ,पर वो बारात लेकर नही जाता । दूल्हा अपनी माँ के साथ घर पर ही रहता है।दूल्हे की जगह दूल्हे की कुँवारी बहन उसका प्रतिनिधित्व करती है। वो बारात में दूल्हे के तरह सभी रिवाजों को निभाती है। बहन ही दुल्हन के साथ सात फेरे भी लेती है,और विदाई कराकर दुल्हन को घर भी लाती है।
अगर किसी परिवार में छोटी बहन नही है तो किसी अन्य कुँवारी लड़की को तैयार किया जाता है। इस परंपरा का चलन केवल तीन गाँवों सुरखेड़ा,सनाडा और अंबल में है। यह परंपरा इस क्षेत्र की खास पहचान है। यहां के लोगों का मानना है ,जब भी लोगों ने इस परंपरा को अस्वीकार किया या इसकी अनदेखी की ,तो इनके समाज को नुकसान हुआ ।कई बार जब लोगों ने इसका पालन नही किया तो उनका विवाह सफल नही हुआ या फिर वैवाहिक जीवन सुखद नही रहा।
इसके पीछे एक पुरातन मान्यता भी बताई जाती है । इस जनजातीय समाज मे एक लोक कथा के मुताबित तीनों गांव के ग्राम देवता कुँवारे थे।इसलिए उन्हें सम्मान देने के लिए वो इस प्रथा का निर्वाहन कर रहे है। ऐसी मान्यता है कि ऐसा करने से दूल्हे सुरक्षित रहते हैं । जो भी कारण हो इस समाज के सभी जन पूरी श्रद्धा के साथ इसका पालन करते आ रहे हैं ।
Dr. Kamal Musaddiसूरज के घर मे हो रहा है हवन
उठ रही लपटें फैल रहा गर्म गर्म लावा
तेज बुखार मे तप रहा पवन
पेड़ मांग रहे भगवान के डाकिया से बादलों की टोपियां
कुंओ के गले सूख गये इतने कि
जोर जोर उठने लगी
सन्नाटो की खांसियां
तालाबों के चेहरों पर पड़ी
गहरी गहरी झुर्रियों
सेहत छंट गयी अचानक कि जैसे
डायटिंग कर रही हों नदियां
रसिया ने धूप मे रख हंडिया में
उबालें आलू
आंगन मे आग पसरी
जलती है टिन
आ गये फिर गर्मी के दिन।
The tigers at one of the India’s first tiger habitats- Palamau Tiger Reserve (PTR), are on the verge of extinction. The PTR had 22 tigers when it was declared tiger reserve 46 years ago in 1973.
The PTR had recorded its highest tiger populate of 71 in 1995, but the big cats population has been dwindling and had come 10 in 2010 and just three in 2014.
No tiger has been seen in PTR on camera trap clicked since 2016 but none of the 450 cameras there got a picture of a tiger.
The scat analysis, in which faeces is used to identify animals, conducted this year has also found no evidence of a tiger in the forest according to an officer of the Reserve.
The PTR would be the third Reserve in the country from where the tigers vanished. Earlier the tiger population has already vanished in Sariska in Rajasthan and Panna in Madhya Pradesh
The tigers were re-located in Sariska and in Panna during the past one decade. Sariska has 17 tigers including cubs and Panna has 37 tigers at present.
A national tiger census has been underway since 2018. Its findings are expected to be published soon.
According to a member of the Jharkhand Wildlife Board DS Srivastva, insurgency was the major cause for dwindling tiger population in PTR as there were frequent Police-Maoist encounters in the Reserve.
The presence of over 168 villages, 1.5 lakh domestic cattle, a railway track, and a highway passing through the Reserve created additional biotic pressure. It affected the tigers’ population.
Recent studies conducted by the medical on children have revealed that depression was on increase among school going children and 18% children suffered from depression syndromes. Students, up to class twelfth were included in the study.
The study was conducted by the Indian Psychiatric Society during the past two years among the children between the age group of eight to twelve years and twelve to seventeen years.
Referring to the report, Dr Mohan Dhyani an associate professor at the Guru Ramrai Medical College Dehradoon said that it was found that about eighteen percent students of different standards were found suffering from depression syndromes.
Dr Dhyani said this at the 39th annual convention of the Indian Psychiatric Society of Central Zone held at the Chattrapati Sahu Ji Maharaj University (CSJMU).
He said, besides hereditary factors, addiction of internet and mobile were also among the chief causes of putting children under depression.
He suggested that parents should not ignore if the child is hyper active, aggressive and avoided going to school as these were the symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyper Psychiatric and such children needed the help of psychiatrics and counselors.
It has been observed that the symptoms of depression gets developed in a child during the fifth and sixth years of age and continue to grow rapidly if left untreated.
Parents must have close interaction with the children and should not leave them in isolation. They should also maintain a close watch over the changes in the behavior of the child, he suggested.
Children with depression syndromes could be treated through the Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Inter-Personal Therapy, Dr Dhyani said.
The Urban Planning and Development Authority (UPDA) is working on a novel idea to check the accidents on highways. It has proposed to set up free tea hubs on the highways.
On an experimental basis it would first set up such tea hubs at specified distances on the Lucknow-Agra Express Way. The drivers would have the privilege of sipping free tea at these hubs.
The object is to provide short journey break for the drivers and to give time for being refreshed.
“It has been found that there were no stop points on the highway, except the toll Tax point, where the drivers could rest for a short while. This led to rise in the numbers of the road accidents. During the past one year over fifty accidents took place on the highway and the survival rate had been zero,” said the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Urban Planning and Development Authority (UPDA) Avneesh Awasthi.
“Most of the accidents happened as the driver snoozed while driving. In order to keep them awake and alert during long journey they would be offered free tea at these hubs,” he added.
Besides, the UPDA had asked Central Road Research Institute (CRRI) to identify the chief causes of growing accidents on the highway
In its report submitted to UPDA the CRRI has pointed out several structural faults on the road. The report said that the road was very narrow at certain points and it needed to be widened.
Several road-cuts to facilitate the people and the vehicles should be closed. On important road-cuts warning lights should be installed the report said.
बिजली के बढ़ते उपयोग और उसके उत्पादन को किस प्रकार सस्ता किया जाए, और किन किन संसाधनों से बिजली का उत्पादन किया जा सकता है । इसके लिए समय समय पर सोध किये जाते रहे है। इस क्षेत्र में बहुत समय से प्रयासरत प्रोफेसर मनोज शुक्ल ने गर्मी से बिजली बनाने का दावा किया है।
प्रो.शुक्ल हरकोर्ट बटलर प्राविधिक विवि ( HBTU) कानपुर के इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स विभाग की प्रयोगशाला में छात्रों के साथ “थर्मोकपल तकनीक ” तैयार की । ‘सी बैक इफेक्ट’ पर कारगर इस तकनीक के उपयोग से जहां बिजली तैयार हो जाएगी ।सोलर तकनीक से तैयार होने वाली बिजली की तुलना में इसका उत्पादन काफी किफायती होगा।
सोलर तकनीक का इस्तेमाल भारत के बजाय इंग्लैंड व स्विट्ज़रलैंड जैसे देशों के किया जाए तो ज्यादा बेहतर है।क्योंकि वहां रोशनी अधिक समय तक रहती है। क्योंकि भारत वर्ष में गर्मी अधिक और अधिक समय तक रहती है। इसलिए हम इस विधि से अधिक बिजली बनाने में सफल हो सकते हैं।
विशेषज्ञों के अनुसार थर्मोकपल तकनीक तापमान पर निर्भर होती है। इसमें तरह तरह के थर्मोकपल ( इलेक्टिक उपकरण ) होते हैं।जिनके उपयोग से गर्मी से बिजली तैयार की जाती है। प्रयोग के पूर्णतया सफल हो जाने पर बिजली उत्पादन में क्रांति आ सकती है। वर्तमान बिजली उत्पादन में उत्पादन में आने वाले खर्च के कारण उपभोक्ता को बिजली बहुत महंगी मिलती है। ये बिजली उत्पादन प्रदूषण रहित होगा । बिजली उत्पादन में पर्यावरण का संतुलन बनाए रखना एक चुनौती है।ये सोध इस समस्या से निजात दिला सकती है।
The President of the Federation on Indian Exporters Organization (FIEO) Ganesh Kumar Gupta said that the export data of USD 26.07 billion with a growth of 0.64 percent was not at all encouraging.
According to him with rising trade tensions between US and China, the global trade scenario may further worsen, putting more pressure on Indian exports in months to come. The uncertainty attached to it will affect the flow of investment and add to currency volatility.
Gupta said that domestic issues including access to credit, cost of credit especially for merchant exporters, interest equalization support to all agricultural exports, benefits on sales to foreign tourists and exemption from IGST under Advance Authorization Scheme with retrospective effect should be seriously looked into. Besides these, budgetary support for marketing and exports related infrastructure are some of the other key issues, which needed immediate attention of the government.
He expressed his concern as almost all the labour-intensive sectors including leather and leather products, gems and jewellery, engineering goods, cotton yarns, fabrics, made-ups, man-made yarn, fabrics and made-ups, carpets, marine products, few plantations and various other sector of exports dominated by MSMEs are into negative territory.
These sectors are still facing the problem of liquidity besides various other challenges including global trade war, protectionism, fragile global conditions and constraints on the domestic front, he added.
The FIEO Chief said that there may be front loading of exports in the past as exporters were apprehensive of withdrawal of GSP I n US and development in Iran.
Only 14 out of 30 major product groups were in positive territory during April 2019 including petroleum, organic and inorganic chemicals, drugs and pharmaceuticals, RMG of all textiles, electronic goods, ceramic products and glassware, handicrafts, commodities besides some plantation, agriculture and dairy products have shown positive growth during the month.
FIEO Chief also expressed his concerns on the rising trade deficit primarily on account of swelling crude import bill with further northward movement of prices and ban on Iranian imports along with rising gold import.
BFD698 Magnificent Walnut Tree ( Juglans nigra ) at Hanham Court Gardens, Cotswolds, England.. Image shot 08/2009. Exact date unknown.
Trees are almost like human beings. Need all that a man needs to survive-beyond food and water, says Peter Wohlleben a German Forester and the author of “The Hidden Life of Trees”.
The writer claims that an isolated tree has far shorter life than those living connected together in big parks or in dense forest. The reason, tree share food and communicate with each other as they need each other and have definite feelings for their species.
“Trees do not produce sounds but they communicate through scent. These scents when produced travel some one hundred yards and not beyond.
Besides, trees are very social beings. They help each other out, keeping their survival secured. Every species of tree tries to procure more space for itself, to optimise its performance and in this way crowd out other species.
After the fight for light, next is fight for water that finally decides who wins. Tree roots are very apt and can suck up as much water as possible. Under normal circumstances, that is sufficient, but more is always better. This is the reason that for millions of years trees have developed friendship with fungi which has twice the amount of life giving nitrogen and phosphorous in plants. The tree and fungal partnership gives rise to positive feelings within the tree. Both of them exchange information about the possible attack by the insects.
The trees create a social network and also exchange nutrients through roots which are well connected beneath the ground”, he claimed.
Growing pollution has been affecting the healthy growth of embryo. An examination of a few embryos revealed that they were afflicted with about 287 dangerous pollutants.
The revelations made the doctors to apprehend that the pollutants may also affect the genes and could cause health damage to posterity. The harsh affect of the pollutants is visible upon the respiratory system of the infants. The number of asthma cases in infants were on sharp increase according to a noted paediatrician Dr Raj Tilak.
Dr Tilak said it was found that the incidences of asthma were eighteen times higher among the infants of families living in the localities situated near the highways. Similarly, the probabilities of asthma were six to eight times higher among the infants of the families settled in the areas with high traffic congestion in urban areas, he added.
Dr Tilak said that during the examination of umbilical cord and the foetus fluid several dangerous pollutants were found which was a dangerous indication for the future health of the child in the womb.
He said that according to medical reports over 10% children were suffering from asthma in the country while 15% children were under high risk of the disease. Similarly, 5% to 10% adults were in the grip of asthma in the country and 20% people were suffering from nose allergy he said.
Referring to WHO report Dr Tilak said that the air pollution has been found as the chief cause of several critical diseases in the globe and a large number of people were in its grip. In case the pollutants remained in the air for a longer period they could damage the respiratory tissues. Besides, air pollution could also cause cancer, cardiac and liver problem and can also affect the kidney.
The main pollutants were generated by the auto vehicles and by the industries through the smoke. The smoke contained carbon-di-oxide, sulphur oxide, nitrogen oxide and lead.
Beware of indoor pollution. A recent study has revealed that it is more dangerous than the outdoor pollution. It can cause frequent headache, worries, sleeplessness, tiredness and exhaustion.
Primarily the outdoor pollution is very much responsible for several physical problems, but the indoor pollution also attributes to several problem says a study conducted by an associate professor in the department of civil engineering of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-K) Anubha Goel.
It was found that the use of mosquito repellent coils and room refreshers, and the smoke generated during cooking and smoking polluted the room environment.
The study was conducted in about sixty houses in the IIT-K campus surrounded by greenery and in the office buildings but the indoor air quality exceeded the permissible limits.
The presence of carbon-di-oxide was very high in all the houses and offices under study. The permissible limit of carbon-di-oxide is 500 PPM but it was found up to 1400 PPM.
The study suggested that in order to check the indoor pollution one should keep the windows open for longer period, rooms must have the ventilators, avoid using mosquito repellent for longer period and every room must have an exhaust fan.
Professor Anubha said that so far no standards were fixed for the Indoor Air Quality Index (AQI), which was very necessary to contain the indoor pollution. She said due to indoor and outdoor air pollution twelve lakh people died in the year 2017. It is high time that AQI for indoor pollution be framed she suggested.
